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API 5L PSL2 X56 Line Pipe (X56N / L390N) | Seamless & Welded, 390 MPa Min Yield, 490 MPa Min Tensile, NPS 1/2" – 48" OD
ANSI / API Specification 5L, 44th Edition (1 October 2007) | PSL2 | Grade X56N / L390N | Yield 390 MPa Min (56,600 psi) – 545 MPa Max, Tensile 490 – 760 MPa, Rt0.5/Rm ≤ 0.93 | Line pipe sizes NPS 1/2" to 48" OD, wall thickness SCH 5 to SCH XXS | Seamless, ERW, Welded, Fabricated & CDW | For Conveying Gas, Water, Oil and Other Liquids
390 MPa Min Yield, 490 MPa Min TensileGrade X56 — written X56N / L390N at PSL2 — is the 56,600 psi strength level of API 5L: a minimum yield strength of 390 MPa and a minimum tensile strength of 490 MPa.
PSL2 with Mandatory CVN TestingSupplied to product specification level 2 for onshore and offshore pipeline service conveying gas, water, oil and other liquids. PSL2 adds mandatory Charpy V-notch impact testing, tighter chemistry and extended non-destructive testing.
A Defined Strength Window, Not Just a MinimumPSL2 X56N is quoted with both limits — yield 390–545 MPa, tensile 490–760 MPa and a yield-to-tensile ratio of 0.93 max — which is the margin a pressure-governed line design is checked against.
01Product Overview
API 5L PSL2 X56 — designated X56N in US customary units and L390N in the SI system — is a high-strength line pipe for the petroleum and natural gas industries’ pipeline transportation systems, supplied to product specification level 2. The specified minimum yield strength is 390 MPa (56,600 psi) with a maximum of 545 MPa, and the tensile strength runs 490 to 760 MPa, with the yield-to-tensile ratio held to 0.93 maximum.
X56 is bought when the line design is pressure-governed but the project also wants the PSL2 package: mandatory Charpy V-notch impact testing, tighter chemical limits than PSL1 (C 0.24 max, P 0.025 max, S 0.015 max on the source data sheet) with carbon-equivalent control, extended non-destructive testing and stricter traceability. It is supplied seamless and welded, in bare or coated condition, and is a hot-selling product for the transportation of gas, water and oil.
390 MPaYield Strength Rt0.5 (Min)56,600 psi min yield
1/2" – 48"Nominal Pipe Size O.D.Line pipe size range
02Technical Specifications
API 5L PSL2 X56 (X56N / L390N) line pipe across the full size and wall programme, with end preparation, coating and inspection handled on the same order.
Item
Specification Details
Steel Grade
API 5L PSL2 X56 (X56N / L390N)
Executive Standard
Specification for Line Pipe — ANSI / API Specification 5L, 44th Edition, 1 October 2007
Product Specification Level
PSL2PSL2PSL1 on request
Product Type
Seamless and Welded Line Pipe for Pipeline Transportation Systems
Line Pipe Sizes
Nominal Pipe Size 1/2" to 48" O.D.
Wall Thickness
SCH 5, SCH 10, SCH 40, SCH 80, SCH 80S, SCH 160, SCH XS, SCH XXS — all API 5L X56 pipe thicknesses available SCH 40SCH 80SCH 160SCH XXS
Supplied bare, or coated to the project specification — coating type confirmed with your enquiry BareCoated
Custom Production
Available — cut to length, end preparation and coating to your specification
MOQ
1 Ton / Negotiable
Delivery Time
Stock availability and production schedule confirmed on enquiry
Certification
MTC / EN 10204 3.1 / Third-party inspection supported
Payment Terms
T/T, L/C, Western Union, Trade Assurance
Note: NPS is a size designation, not a measured dimension — the actual outside diameter and wall thickness of the pipe you receive follow the schedule and the standard’s dimensional tables. Not every NPS size is produced in every schedule or by every manufacturing route, and PSL2 supply is tied to a delivery-condition suffix, so send us the outside diameter, wall thickness (or schedule), length, manufacturing type, PSL level, delivery condition suffix and end finish and we will confirm stock status and the exact item before you order.
03Grade Designation
The same pipe carries two names — one in US customary units and one in SI units — and at PSL2 both take a suffix letter that identifies the delivery condition.
Designation Segment
Meaning in API Specification 5L
X
Prefix of the US customary (psi) grade designation
56
Specified minimum yield strength in ksi — 56 ksi = 56,600 psi, which is the 390 MPa given in the mechanical table
L390
The SI designation of the same grade — L for line pipe, 390 for a specified minimum yield strength of 390 MPa
N
Delivery-condition suffix at PSL2 — normalizing rolled, normalized formed, normalized, or normalized and tempered pipe (see chapter 07)
PSL2
Product Specification Level 2 — see chapter 04 for what the level changes
Note:X56 and L390 are the same pipe. The X-number is the minimum yield in ksi and the L-number is the same value in MPa — 56 ksi ≈ 390 MPa — so the grade name is a direct cross-check on the yield figure quoted on a mill certificate. The trailing N is not part of the strength name: at PSL2 it records the delivery condition, so the same strength level also exists as X56Q, X56M and X56R. The designation breakdown above is standard background for this grade family; the composition and mechanical data on this page are the X56N values.
04Product Specification Level: PSL2
Every API 5L grade, X56 included, can be ordered under either of two product specification levels. This page documents the PSL2 product.
Item
PSL1
PSL2 (this page)
Charpy V-Notch impact test
Not a PSL1 requirement
Mandatory CVN impact testing
Chemical composition
Basic maximum limits (C, Mn, P, S and the agreed residual limits)
Tighter limits, plus carbon-equivalent control
Strength data
Minimum yield and tensile values
Minimum and maximum yield and tensile values, with a yield-to-tensile ratio limit
Inspection & NDT
The applicable inspection for the manufacturing route
Extended mandatory non-destructive testing
Traceability & documentation
Standard mill documentation
Stricter traceability and certification package
Note: The chemical and mechanical data on this page are the PSL2 values for X56N as given in the source data sheet. PSL1 X56 can be supplied on request, but the exact PSL2 limits, carbon-equivalent requirement and test package are set by the edition of API Specification 5L (or ISO 3183) called up in your purchase order — tell us the level and the edition your project invokes and we will quote against that document.
05Chemical Composition
Chemical composition of API 5L PSL2 X56N steel pipe, given as maximum % in the source data sheet.
Grade
C max.
Si max.
Mn max.
P max.
S max.
V max.
Nb max.
Ti max.
Other
API 5L PSL2 X56N
0.24
0.45
1.40
0.025
0.015
0.10
0.05
0.04
e
Note:e in the last column is the footnote given with the source table: unless otherwise agreed, Cu ≤ 0.50%, Ni ≤ 0.30%, Cr ≤ 0.30% and Mo ≤ 0.15%. The header of the source table is annotated “(a, %)” but the text of that footnote was not included in the data we hold — the composition footnotes of the standard cover items such as the carbon / manganese trade-off, so confirm the applicable footnote set against the edition called up in your order and the MTC. PSL2 additionally places a carbon-equivalent requirement on the pipe, and the limit and formula (CEV / CET / Pcm) depend on the edition and the carbon level — no single value is quoted here rather than picking one for you. With carbon held at 0.24 max and manganese at 1.40 max, X56 reaches its 390 MPa minimum yield through manganese and micro-alloying (V 0.10, Nb 0.05, Ti 0.04 max) rather than carbon, which is what keeps the pipe weldable in the field.
06Mechanical Properties
Mechanical properties of API 5L PSL2 X56N (L390N) steel pipe, in SI units with the US customary minimum yield.
Pipe Grade
Yield Strength Rt0.5 Min (MPa)
Yield Strength Rt0.5 Max (MPa)
Tensile Strength Rm Min (MPa)
Tensile Strength Rm Max (MPa)
Ratio Rt0.5/Rm Max.
Min Yield (psi)
L390N or X56N
390
545
490
760
0.93
56,600
Note: Unlike a PSL1 data sheet, this one gives both ends of the strength range — yield 390–545 MPa and tensile 490–760 MPa — together with the maximum yield-to-tensile ratio of 0.93, which is what limits how close to the tensile strength the actual yield of a length may sit. The 56,600 psi minimum yield is the figure given in the source data (56 ksi); the other US customary values are not quoted there, and 490 MPa converts to roughly 71,100 psi of minimum tensile strength — treat conversions as rounded. No elongation figure is given in the source, so none is quoted here: elongation for line pipe is calculated from the tensile strength and the specimen dimensions under the standard. PSL2 requires Charpy V-notch impact testing, but the required energy and test temperature are set by the edition, the wall thickness and your purchase order — those values are agreed at order stage and reported on the mill certificate.
07Manufacturing Types & Delivery Conditions
X56 is produced by every standard line pipe manufacturing route, and at PSL2 the delivery condition is written into the grade name as a suffix letter.
Manufacturing Type
What It Means
Seamless
Produced from a solid billet with no weld seam — the usual route for the smaller diameters and heavier walls
ERW
Electric-resistance welded — the standard route for small and medium diameters
Welded
Welded longitudinally or helically from plate or strip for larger diameters and heavier walls
Fabricated
Fabricated to order for sizes or wall thicknesses outside the standard mill programme
CDW
Cold drawn welded — cold finishing for tighter dimensional tolerance and a smoother bore
API 5L PSL2 line pipe carries a suffix letter for the delivery condition. The pipe documented on this page is X56N:
Note: The suffix is part of the order, not an afterthought: it fixes the heat treatment the pipe receives, and it is the condition the mechanical values on the MTC are measured in. The 390–545 MPa / 490–760 MPa window above is the X56N data; the other suffixes are supplied to the same grade and their values are confirmed against the item. Tell us the service (sour service, low temperature, high pressure), the diameter and wall and the required mechanical properties, and we will quote the delivery condition that satisfies them.
08Inspection & Testing
The tests available for API 5L PSL2 line pipe, and what each one covers.
Test
What It Covers
Chemical composition analysis (product analysis)
Composition of the finished pipe — reported on the mill certificate against the PSL2 limits
Tensile tests
Confirms the 390 MPa minimum yield and 490 MPa minimum tensile strength of the pipe body or weld, and the ratio limit
Hydro-static test
Every length is pressure tested to the level required by the standard — the leak-tightness proof of the pipe
Bend test
Ductility of the pipe body and of the weld on the sizes where the standard calls it up
Flattening test
Ductility and soundness under flattening, applied per the applicable clause for the manufacturing route
CVN impact test
Charpy V-notch impact test — mandatory for PSL2 line pipe, carried out to the temperature and energy agreed in the purchase order
MT (magnetic particle testing)
Surface crack detection on pipe ends, the weld area and repaired areas
NDT (non-destructive testing)
Non-destructive examination of the seam and pipe body to the extent required by the purchase order
Note: Which of these tests apply, and at what level, depends on the manufacturing route, the diameter and wall, the PSL level and your purchase order — not on the grade alone. Tell us the specification and inspection class your project invokes and we will confirm the exact test package and issue the MTC and, where required, EN 10204 3.1 or a third-party inspection report (SGS and others) with the delivery.
09Applications & Typical Uses
API 5L PSL2 X56 is a pipeline steel — it is specified wherever gas, water, oil or other liquids have to be moved under pressure over distance.
Oil Transmission
Crude oil and product transmission lines, gathering lines and trunk lines where a 390 MPa yield grade is the economic choice for the design pressure.
Natural Gas Pipelines
Natural gas transportation systems — the core duty of the API 5L grades — from gathering systems through to long-distance transmission mains.
Water & Other Liquids
Water transmission and produced-water lines, and the other liquids API 5L pipe is specified to convey under pressure.
Plant & Station Piping
Compressor and pump stations, metering skids, terminal and tank-farm piping built to the same line pipe specification as the mainline.
Coated Line Pipe
Coated line pipe for buried and submerged service, where the coating protects the line and the steel resists crack propagation over the service life.
Application Field
Typical Application
Petroleum Industry
Pipeline transportation systems for crude oil and petroleum products
Natural Gas Industry
Gathering, transmission and distribution lines for natural gas
Water & Liquid Conveying
Water lines and other liquids conveyed under pressure
Pipeline Construction & Maintenance
Replacement lengths, spools, tie-ins and repair sections in X56
Note: X56 sits in the middle of the API 5L strength ladder — X52 (L360) at 360 MPa, X56 (L390) at 390 MPa and X60 (L415) at 415 MPa minimum yield (standard series values). X56 is the step taken when X52 no longer covers the design pressure but the project does not want to pay for X60, and it is frequently specified at PSL2 because the line needs impact testing as well as strength. Send us the design pressure, diameter and fluid and we will tell you which grade the line actually needs.
10Processing, End Preparation & Supply
Every order can be cut, end-prepared, coated and documented to your specification, so the pipe arrives on site ready to weld.
1
Cutting to Length
Cut to the exact lengths your line schedule calls for, single or double random, or fixed cut lengths.
2
End Preparation
Plain, bevel, screwed or threaded ends — bevel prepared to your welding procedure specification.
3
Coating & Lining
External coating and internal lining applied to the project specification before shipment.
4
Inspection & Certified Delivery
Hydrostatic test, CVN impact test, NDT and MT carried out as specified, with MTC, EN 10204 3.1 and third-party inspection arranged where required.
We supply high-quality API 5L PSL2 X56 line pipe with strict standard inspection and full traceability, in seamless and welded manufacture across the NPS 1/2" to 48" size range. We provide one-stop processing services including cutting to length, end preparation, coating and lining. All products are equipped with official MTC test reports, with third-party inspection supported. Welcome to contact us for professional quotations and technical support!
11Frequently Asked Questions
Short answers to the questions we are asked most often about API 5L PSL2 X56. For anything not covered here, send us your line schedule and specification.
Q1What does X56 mean, and is it the same as L390?
Yes — X56 and L390 are two designations of the same pipe. X56 is the US customary name: the number is the specified minimum yield strength in ksi, so 56 ksi = 56,600 psi. L390 is the SI name, where 390 is the same value in MPa: 390 MPa minimum yield. Minimum tensile strength is 490 MPa.
Q2What does the N in X56N stand for?
At PSL2 the grade name carries a suffix letter for the delivery condition. N covers normalizing rolled, normalized formed, normalized, and normalized and tempered pipe — the heat-treatment route the 390–545 MPa yield and 490–760 MPa tensile values on this page are measured in. The other suffixes are R (as-rolled), Q (quenched and tempered) and M (thermomechanical rolled or formed), and the same 56 ksi strength level can be supplied in any of them — tell us which condition your specification calls up.
Q3Why would I specify PSL2 rather than PSL1?
Both levels exist for every API 5L grade, X56 included. PSL2 adds mandatory Charpy V-notch impact testing, tighter chemical limits with carbon-equivalent control, both minimum and maximum strength values with a yield-to-tensile ratio limit, extended non-destructive testing and stricter traceability. Low-temperature, sour, offshore and high-consequence lines usually call up PSL2; a standard onshore service with no impact requirement is often specified at PSL1. Tell us the service and the edition your project invokes — PSL1 X56 is supplied on request.
Q4What sizes, wall thicknesses and end finishes can you supply?
Line pipe sizes from NPS 1/2" to 48" O.D., with wall thickness in SCH 5, SCH 10, SCH 40, SCH 80, SCH 80S, SCH 160, SCH XS and SCH XXS — all API 5L X56 pipe thicknesses are available. Ends are supplied plain, bevel, screwed or threaded. Not every size is produced in every schedule or by every route, so send the outside diameter, schedule or wall thickness, length, manufacturing type and end finish and we will confirm the exact item and its stock status.
Q5What tests and documents come with the pipe?
Available tests are product analysis, tensile test, hydrostatic test, bend test, flattening test, CVN impact test (mandatory at PSL2), magnetic particle testing and non-destructive testing. Every length is hydrostatically tested. Documentation is the MTC, with EN 10204 3.1 and third-party inspection (SGS and others) supported. Which tests apply, and at what impact temperature and energy, depends on the route, size, wall, PSL level and your purchase order — tell us the inspection class you need and we will confirm the package.
Q6How does X56 compare with X52 and X60?
They are neighbours on the same API 5L ladder — X52 (L360) at 360 MPa, X56 (L390) at 390 MPa and X60 (L415) at 415 MPa minimum yield, with minimum tensile rising in step. The specification level, size range, testing and coating options are handled the same way for all three, so the choice is normally a pressure and wall-thickness calculation. X56 is the middle step: more yield than X52 for a pressure-governed line without the step up to X60 chemistry and price. Send us the design pressure, diameter and fluid and we will size the grade for you.
Send us your outside diameter and wall thickness (or schedule), length, manufacturing type (seamless / ERW / welded / fabricated / CDW), PSL level, delivery condition suffix (N, Q, M or R), CVN impact requirement, end finish, coating requirement and quantity. We will reply with the latest stock status, competitive wholesale price and complete certification documents within 24 hours.
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